According to callmelatine.com, a resource for addressing gender bias in Hispanic and Latino communities,
Latine (pronounced la·ˈti·ne) is a gender-neutral form of the word Latino, created by LGBTQIA+, gender non-binary, and feminist communities in Spanish speaking countries. The objective of the term Latine is to remove gender from the Spanish word Latino, by replacing it with the gender-neutral Spanish letter E. This idea is native to the Spanish language and can be seen in many gender-neutral words like "estudiante."
Latin America is defined as nations in the Americas and the Caribbean whose residents predominantly speak Spanish or Portuguese.
Latin America is geographically designated as a set of nations belonging to the regions of North America, the Caribbean, Central America, and South America.
Image courtesy of: United States Central Intelligence Agency. Latin America. [Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, 2006] Map. https://www.loc.gov/item/2006627988/.
For more information on Latine and Latin American identity, read the Getty's "Overview of Latino and Latin American Identity."